Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) testing helps to test electronic devices can work well without receiving or delivering unwanted signals. In India, this test has to be carried out prior to marketing a product. It promises performance, quality, and safety. There are some requirements the manufacturers must follow certain standards for testing inside within EMC chambers.
We will discuss the most important standards and practices implemented for EMC testing in India.
What Is an EMC Chamber?
An EMC chamber is a special room designed to test electronic equipment. It blocks external radio waves and sends inside waves back. This helps the testers measure how much electromagnetic noise a device gives off or receive
There are various kinds of EMC chambers:
- Anechoic chambers
- Semi-anechoic chambers
- Shielded rooms
- Reverberation chambers
Check out for DMC website for different types of EMC chambers
All types of chambers can conduct different kinds of tests. The appropriate one depends on the product and standard.
EMC testing assists:
- To check whether a device interferes with other equipment.
- That it works at its optimum with other equipment around.
- To satisfy national and international standards.
- To minimize product recalls and make it safe.
Indian EMC Test Standards
India is governed by BIS guidelines published by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and international guide numbers published by bodies such as the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Certain products also require clearance from the Ministry of Communications’ Wireless Planning and Coordination (WPC) wing.
Some of the EMC standards widely applied in India are as follows:
- CISPR Standards
India has adopted most CISPR (International Special Committee on Radio Interference) standards:
- CISPR 11: For industrial, scientific, and medical equipment
- CISPR 22 / CISPR 32: For IT and multimedia devices
- CISPR 14-1: For household appliances and tools
- IEC Standards
IEC standards assist in testing immunity (how good a device is at resisting interference):
- IEC 61000-4-2: Electrostatic discharge immunity test
- IEC 61000-4-3: Radiated immunity test
- IEC 61000-4-4: Electrical fast transients/burst
- IEC 61000-4-5: Surge immunity test
- Indian Specific Regulations
Some Indian ministries have their own specifications. For instance:
- MeitY’s CRS (Compulsory Registration Scheme): Mandates EMC testing of products such as TVs, laptops, and power adaptors.
- Automotive Industry Standards (AIS): Impose EMC standards for automotive electronics.
EMC
EMC Testing Steps
EMC testing typically happens after these steps:
- Choose a suitable EMC standard.
- Product preparation and test plan.
- Put the product within the EMC chamber.
- Take readings of the emissions (what the product emits).
- Test immunity (the degree to which the product is immune to interference).
- Compare test results with limits in the selected standard.
- Prepare and submit the test report.
Certified Labs in India
India has many NABL-accredited labs that offers EMC testing. These labs strictly follow rules and maintain proper test setups. They perform tests using calibrated antennas, EMI receivers, and shielded rooms.
Some of the well-known labs are:
- STQC labs (under MeitY)
- UL India
- TUV Rheinland
- Intertek
- SGS India
Key Points to Remember
- EMC testing is applicable to the majority of electronic products in India.
- BIS and MeitY are responsible for most of the regulation.
- Emission and immunity standards both must be satisfied by the products.
- Manufacturers should test their product early in development to avoid delays.
- Use an accredited lab to ensure your repot is valid and accepted.
Conclusion
EMC testing in India is conducted based on well-standardized international and national standards. It is crucial for product safety and hassle-free functioning. If you plan to sell electronics in India, you must learn and adhere to these EMC test standards. This will improve your product’s performance and receive market approval at a faster market approval.
Contact DMC today. Let’s see how we can help you achieve the dependable data you require.